CVE-2026-98231xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush
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No exploitation reported and no EPSS estimate yet.
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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush The deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock before calling xfrm_dev_state_free() because the driver callback may sleep. The device GC list does not hold an xfrm_state reference, so the state GC worker can destroy the same state concurrently. The race can proceed as follows: CPU 0 CPU 1 find x on the device GC list drop xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock read x->xso.dev xfrm_state_gc_destroy(x) xfrm_dev_state_free(x) xfrm_state_free(x) continue xfrm_dev_state_free(x) Both paths can invoke the driver callback and drop the device reference. CPU 0 can also access the xfrm_state after CPU 1 has freed it. KASAN reported: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810bbaa960 by task poc/102 Call Trace: xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0 xfrm_dev_state_flush+0x353/0x400 xfrm_dev_event+0x26d/0x3a0 notifier_call_chain+0xc0/0x280 __dev_notify_flags+0x169/0x250 netif_change_flags+0xe7/0x160 dev_change_flags+0x96/0x220 devinet_ioctl+0x7f4/0x1880 Allocated by task 87: xfrm_state_alloc+0x1e/0x5c0 xfrm_add_sa+0xe7f/0x5820 xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x4f3/0x940 Freed by task 57: kmem_cache_free+0xcb/0x3d0 xfrm_state_gc_task+0x4a8/0x650 process_one_work+0x63a/0x1070 Serialize xfrm_state destruction against the deferred-device pass with a mutex. Keep xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock limited to list operations and retain the existing callback and device-reference release ordering.
- CVSS
- Not yet scored
- Weakness (CWE)
- Not given
- Known exploited
- Not in CISA's KEV catalog
- EPSS (exploitation in the next 30 days)
- Not loaded for this CVE
- Assigned by
- Linux
- NVD analysis
- Received
- Record last updated
- Oct 19, 2026
- First seen by InfoSec Signals
- Oct 9, 2026
Affected products
Linux Linux linux:linux (from the name) | from d5f53edd43daf3e6e1633a49c561387f8f99e13f before 937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1; from 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 before 39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201; from 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 before 75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c; from 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 before 84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6; from 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 before 89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9; 8ecee44464a4926c9bef989a1490b7394785f584; from 6.6.44 before 6.6.158; from 6.10.3 before 6.11 | CNA record |
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9
The CVE record on cve.org NVD's entry
The CVE record is authoritative. Products marked “from the name” were identified from the CNA's free-text names, not a CPE, and are matched less certainly. This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.