CVE-2026-41523vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs).
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vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). Prior to 0.22.0, an assert-based security check in vLLM's activation function loading allows any unauthenticated attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution on the server by publishing a malicious HuggingFace model, when vLLM runs in Python optimized mode (python -O or PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.22.0.
- CVSS
- 7.5 HIGH (v3.1, NVD)CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- Weakness (CWE)
- CWE-94, CWE-617
- Known exploited
- Not in CISA's KEV catalog
- EPSS (exploitation in the next 30 days)
- Not loaded for this CVE
- Assigned by
- Not given
- NVD analysis
- Modified
- Record last updated
- Sep 4, 2026
- First seen by InfoSec Signals
- Oct 9, 2026
Affected products
vllm vllm vllm:vllm | before 0.22.0 | NVD |
References
- https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/b3c7ffcab82c2439726f8cb213800f6f38c023d3patch
- https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-q8gq-377p-jq3rexploit, third-party-advisory
- https://huntr.com/bounties/dcb05b04-e625-41e7-adbc-bbae0cc2d64cthird-party-advisory
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36005
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36006
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57380
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57387
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57389
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57390
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59138
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59139
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59144
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59151
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:61627
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:61629
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62335
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62336
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-41523
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491582
- https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-41523.json
The CVE record on cve.org NVD's entry
The CVE record is authoritative. Products marked “from the name” were identified from the CNA's free-text names, not a CPE, and are matched less certainly. This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.