CVE-2026-104430Zebra 4.5.0 Consensus Split via P2SH Sigop Overcount
Updated under an hour ago ()
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It affects ZcashFoundation zebra. Add what you run to find out whether that includes you.
EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.41%, higher than 34% of scored CVEs.
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Zebra zebrad 4.5.0 and zebra-script 7.0.0 count P2SH redeem script signature operations in legacy mode rather than zcashd's accurate P2SH mode, overcounting CHECKMULTISIG preceded by OP_1 through OP_16 as 20 sigops and causing a consensus divergence. Remote attackers can broadcast P2SH spends using low-threshold multisig redeem scripts so that a block zcashd accepts exceeds Zebra's inflated MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS count, causing Zebra nodes to reject it and stall off the chain.
- CVSS
- 7.5 HIGH (v3.1, CNA)CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- Weakness (CWE)
- CWE-628
- Known exploited
- Not in CISA's KEV catalog
- EPSS (exploitation in the next 30 days)
- 0.41% (percentile 34)
- Assigned by
- VulnCheck
- NVD analysis
- Deferred
- Record last updated
- Oct 2, 2026
- First seen by InfoSec Signals
- Oct 9, 2026
Affected products
ZcashFoundation zebra zcashfoundation:zebra (from the name) | from 4.5.0 before 4.5.1; 4.5.1 not affected | CNA record |
References
- https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-2prc-cj5x-4443vendor-advisory
- https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zebra-4.5.0-consensus-split-via-p2sh-sigop-overcountthird-party-advisory
The CVE record on cve.org NVD's entry
The CVE record is authoritative. Products marked “from the name” were identified from the CNA's free-text names, not a CPE, and are matched less certainly. This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.