CVE-2026-102277brace-expansion: Quadratic-time expansion of the `{a},b}` rewrite causes CPU denial of service
Updated under an hour ago ()
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The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.21, 2.1.7, 3.0.9, and 5.0.12, the expand function handles untrusted {a},b}-shaped patterns with many trailing closing braces by restarting its scan once for each trailing closing brace. The successive full-input rescans with linear working-string growth cause quadratic CPU time and memory pressure that can block the Node.js event loop. The process eventually recovers, making the impact a recoverable CPU denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.21, 2.1.7, 3.0.9, and 5.0.12.
- CVSS
- 5.3 MEDIUM (v3.1, CNA)CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
- Weakness (CWE)
- CWE-400, CWE-407
- Known exploited
- Not in CISA's KEV catalog
- EPSS (exploitation in the next 30 days)
- Not loaded for this CVE
- Assigned by
- GitHub_M
- NVD analysis
- Deferred
- Record last updated
- Sep 29, 2026
- First seen by InfoSec Signals
- Oct 9, 2026
Affected products
juliangruber brace-expansion juliangruber:brace_expansion (from the name) | from 4.0.0, < 5.0.12; from 3.0.0, < 3.0.9; from 2.0.0, < 2.1.7; before 1.1.21 | CNA record |
References
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-q2hr-2g5m-vwhrx-refsource-confirm
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/33a5ef17b8d800bbfa8c52b14c39043b6aac1a96x-refsource-misc
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/bdff773f98e5988616b7039cc9b508df5d640b22x-refsource-misc
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c55e67d8d8b1c56a2474afff15c2891166b2d364x-refsource-misc
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/ffdfa3e3806bed17c0874b8f1439b084de354a7ex-refsource-misc
The CVE record on cve.org NVD's entry
The CVE record is authoritative. Products marked “from the name” were identified from the CNA's free-text names, not a CPE, and are matched less certainly. This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.